![]() To calculate J for a duplet, simply subtract the lower value from the higher. But, vicinal coupling refers to the coupling of two hydrogen atoms that are bound to two adjacent carbon atoms. The key difference between geminal and vicinal coupling is that geminal coupling refers to the coupling of two hydrogen atoms that are bound to the same carbon atom. Thus, the parental gametes are AB and ab. … Coupling refers to the case where dominant alleles are on the same homologue chromosome and both recessive alleles are on the other homologue chromosome. The terms coupling and repulsion only make sense if the two genes show complete dominance. Most importantly, J-coupling provides information on the connectivity of chemical bonds. In NMR spectroscopy, J-coupling contains information about relative bond distances and angles. It is an indirect interaction between two nuclear spins that arises from hyperfine interactions between the nuclei and local electrons.
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